Let's talk about Elisar von Kupffer. Who is he? What's he famous for?
So Elisar von Kupffer is a- It's funny. I'm actually looking for the right noun, right? I don't know whether to call him an artist or religious leader, an activist, a fascist. He's all the above.
But he's a man who lives between 1872 and 1942. He's born in what is now present-day Estonia, as part of the class of Baltic German overlords there, and throughout the course of his life, he assembles the first ever anthology of gay literature, which is called The Love of Favourites and Friendly Love in World Literature, which is published in Berlin in 1900.3 He creates a new religion called Klarismus or Clearism, which combines medievalist and Christian iconography with ideas about that kind of universal, transcendent spiritual androgyny that he gets out of readings and misreadings of Persian literature and of the classical era. He creates a series of artistic works culminating in the 30-metre cyclorama painting called The Clear World of the Blessed,4 which depicts the Claristic utopia in which many naked androgynes - all of which bear either his face, the face of his life partner Eduard von Mayer, or the face of a favourite local model, "Gino" Luigi Taricco - are depicted.
His work throughout his entire career is informed by a biological racism that understands human cultural output as being rooted entirely in climate and race, which are understood to be linked. For this reason, for example, he settles in Italian Switzerland because he understands it as being a bisexual climate: there's the Mediterranean homosexual climate and race type, and in the German Alpine, heterosexual climate and race type.5 And so, he's found in Ticino6 a bisexual climate. That's maybe a more humorous example of this biological determinism. But this also leads him to subscribe to antisemitic conspiracy theories, to be described by Nazi officials as a devoted hater of the Jews, and to several attempts to collaborate with Nazi politicians in order to secure state support and funding for this artwork and for this religious project. He fails, but not for lack of trying, including several extremely warm letters written to Adolf Hitler at the end of Kupffer's life, where he really praises Hitler, his political project and identifies them as political allies.7
So Kupffer is a really complex, controversial and strange figure. I hope very much that this article is being published alongside some images of his artwork as well, because you really do need to see this art to believe it. It is, I like to joke, mercifully inimitable. It's really something.